National Grid ESO-2020未来能源方案（英文）会员免费

July 2020Future Energy Scenarios

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Executive summary 04Introduction to the FES 14Consumer view 18Introduction 19Industrial and Commercial 22Residential 30Transport 41System view 51Introduction 52Bioenergy supply 59Natural gas supply 64Hydrogen supply 71Electricity supply 81Energy system flexibility 98Glossary 115Continuing the conversation 122Contents

Executive summary

BEISLocal & centralgovernmentOfgemCommittee on ClimateChangeAcademia &researchShippers &producersSuppliersGenerators& flexibilityprovidersEnergy systemscatapultIndependentthoughtleadersEnergy andlow carbonindustries NETWORK INVESTMENTOPERABILITY& ENERGY INDUSTRYPRIVATE SECTORSECURITY OFSUPPLY REGULATIONPOLICY &Gas futureoperabilityplanningGas MarketsPlan DistributionSystemOperabilityFrameworkSystem OperabilityFrameworkElectricityCapacityMarketWinter &summeroutlooksPricecontrolsTen yearstatementsNetworkplanningNetworkoptionsassessmentNational &localplanningNetworkcapabilityFuture EnergyScenariosOur Future Energy Scenarios are required and referenced by a wide range of energy industry participants and stakeholders.REGULATEDENERGY SYSTEM ACTIVITIESSTAKEHOLDERSWinter & summer outlooksEuropean electricity and gas operators also use FES data for their ten year development planning.National & local planningTen year statementsElectricityGasElectricityGasElectricity Capacity MarketGasElectricityCommittee on Climate ChangeAcademia & researchLocal & centralgovernmentEnergy systems catapultIndependent thought leadersEnergy and low carbon industriesGas future operability planningGas MarketsPlan Distribution System Operability FrameworkSystem Operability FrameworkNetwork capabilityNetwork options assessmentPrice controlsOfgemBEISShippers &producersSuppliersGenerators& flexibility providersFES 2020 / Executive summary 05FES 2020 / Executive summary 05The energy system must evolve while safely and reliably delivering low carbon energy to end consumers; when and where they need it to meet net zero. This will involve increasing scale, complexity and interdependency of energy conversions from one fuel to another as well as the importance of flexibility to manage differences in when and where energy is produced and consumed. With just 30 years before the net zero deadline, FES 2020:• Informs urgent investment in energy infrastructure;...