2024-美国先进技术产品贸易的惊人表现-ITIF-30页

itif.org The Alarming Performance of US Advanced Technology Product Trade TRELYSA LONG | FEBRUARY 2026 Over the last decade, U.S. trade performance has deteriorated significantly in advanced industries. That is a major problem because these industries have high fixed costs and require substantial investments in R&D, so they depend on large customer bases to achieve scale economies and remain globally competitive. KEY TAKEAWAYS  Across nine groups of advanced technology products tracked by the U.S. Census Bureau, America went from having a net trade surplus of $29 billion in 2014 to a net trade deficit of $300 billion in 2024.  Whereas U.S. imports exceeded exports in five out of nine ATP groups in 2014, imports outstripped exports in eight of nine ATP groups by 2024.  In 2024, America imported a cumulative $762 billion in nine advanced technology product groups, with five major trading partners accounting for 59 percent: the EU, China, Japan, South Korea, and Mexico.  The largest difference in net U.S. ATP trade from 2014 to 2024 came from the EU. Whereas America had $3.3 billion ATP surplus with the EU in 2014, it had a staggering $68 billion deficit in 2024.  In the same period, net U.S. ATP trade with Mexico fell from a $3.2 billion surplus to a $46.5 billion deficit.  America needs a national power industry strategy that prioritizes strategically important sectors, directs markets to preserve critical capabilities, balances production with innovation, and emphasizes long-term positioning over short-term efficiency. National Power Industry Series This report is part of a series on China’s predatory industrial strategies, their impact on U.S. technological leadership, and how to avoid losing U.S. and allied capabilities in advanced industries that undergird national power. For more, see: itif.org/power-industries. INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY & INNOVATION FOUNDATION | FEBRUARY 2026 PAGE 2 CONTENTS Key Takeaways ................................................................................................................... 1 Introduction ....................................................................................................................... 2 Change in ATP Imports and Exports, 2014–2024 .................................................................. 4 All Advanced Technology Product Groups .......................................................................... 4 Biotechnology ................................................................................................................. 6 Life Sciences .................................................................................................................. 9 Opto-Electronics ........................................................................................................... 11 Information and Communications ................................................................................... 14 Electronics ....................................