Part8 招聘/管理/晋升和解雇⾼管1Part8 招聘/管理/晋升和解雇⾼管作者Marc Andreessen编辑Rework阅览室整理One of the most critical things a startup founder must do is develop a top-notch executive team. This is a topic that could fill a whole book, but in this post I will provide specific guidelines on how to hire, manage, promote, and fire executives in a startup based on my personal observations and experiences.初创公司创始⼈必须做的最关键的事情之⼀就是培养⼀⽀⼀流的管理团队。这是⼀个可以写满整本书的主题，但在这篇⽂章中，我将根据我个⼈的观察和经验，提供有关如何在初创公司中招聘、管理、晋升和解雇⾼管的具体指南。For the purposes of this post, definitions: An executive is a leader—someone who runs a function within the company and has primary responsibility for an organization within the company that will contribute to the companyʼs success or failure. The difference between an executive and a manager is that the executive has a higher degree of latitude to organize, make decisions, and execute within her function than a manager. The manager may ask what the right thing to do is; the executive should know.就本⽂⽽⾔，定义如下：⾼管是领导者，即在公司内运⾏职能并对公司内的组织负有主要责任的⼈，该组织将为公司的成功或失败做出贡献。⾼管和经理之间的区别在于，⾼管⽐经理有更⾼的组织、决策和执⾏职能的⾃由度。经理可能会问什么是正确的做法？⾏政⼈员应该知道。The general theory of executives, like managers, is, per Andy Grove: the output of an executive is the output of her organization. Therefore, the primary task of an executive is to maximize the output of her organization. However, in a startup, a successful executive must accomplish three other critical tasks simultaneously:根据安迪·格罗夫的说法，⾼管的⼀般理论与经理⼀样：⾼管的产出就是其组织的产出。因此，⾼管的⾸要任务是最⼤化组织的产出。然⽽，在初创企业中，成功的⾼管必须同时完成其他三项关键任务：
Part8 招聘/管理/晋升和解雇⾼管2Build her organization—typically when an executive arrives or is promoted into her role at a startup, she isnʼt there to be a caretaker; rather she must build her organization, often from scratch. This is a sharp difference from many big company executives, who can spend their entire careers running organizations other people built—often years or decades earlier.建⽴她的组织——通常当⼀位⾼管来到⼀家初创公司或被提升到她的职位时，她并不是作为⼀个看守者；⽽是作为⼀个管理者。相反，她必须建⽴⾃⼰的组织，⽽且通常是从头开始。这与许多⼤公司⾼管截然不同，他们可以将整个职业⽣涯都花在管理其他⼈建⽴的组织上——通常是⼏年前或⼏⼗年前。Be a primary individual contributor—a startup executive must “roll up her sleevesˮ and produce output herself. There are no shortage of critical things to be done at a startup, and an executive who cannot personally produce while simultaneously building and running her organization typically will not last long. Again, this is a sharp difference from many big companies, where executives often serve more as administrators and bureaucrats.成为主要的个⼈贡献者——初创企业⾼管必须...
